Albert Camus (1913-60) grew up in a working-class neighbourhood in Algiers. He studied philosophy at the University of Algiers, and became a journalist. His most important works include The Outsider, The Myth of Sisyphus, The Plague and The Fall. After the occupation of France by the Germans in 1941, Camus became one of the intellectual leaders of the Resistance movement. He was killed in a road accident, and his last unfinished novel, The First Man, appeared posthumously.

Albert Camus

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'To create today is to create dangerously' 
 
Camus argues passionately that the artist has a responsibility to challenge, provoke and speak up for those who cannot in this powerful speech, accompanied here by two others. 
 
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Create Dangerously

Danilo Kiš

'For once there had been false idols and asses' heads drawn on the walls...' 
 
Sleepers awake in a remote cave and the ancient mystic Simon Magus attempts a miracle, in these two magical, otherworldly tales from one of the greatest voices of twentieth-century Europe.

The Legend of the Sleepers

Javier Marías

'She was bored and fought against her boredom, which only bored her still more.' 
 
Five sparkling, irreverent brief portraits of famous literary figures (including libertines, eccentrics and rogues) from Spain's greatest living writer. 
 
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Madame du Deffand and the Idiots

Truman Capote

Now Brando looked at people with assurance, and with what can only be called a pitying expression, as though he dwelt in spheres of enlightenment where they, to his regret, did not. 
 
This mesmerizing profile of an insecure, vulnerable young Marlon Brando, brooding in a Kyoto hotel during a break from filming, is a peerless piece of journalism. 
 
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The Duke in His Domain

Gertrude Stein

Sadder than salad. 
 
From apples to artichokes, these glittering, fragmented, painterly portraits of food by the avant-garde pioneer Gertrude Stein are redolent of sex, laughter and the joy of everyday life.

Food

Leonora Carrington

'Ring for your maid, and when she comes in we'll pounce upon her and tear off her face. I'll wear her face tonight instead of mine.' 
 
These dreamlike, carnivalesque fables by one of the leading lights of the Surrealist movement are masterpieces of invention and grand-guignol humour. 
 
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The Skeleton's Holiday

Saul Bellow

She had lived by delays; she had meant to stop drinking; she had put off the time, and now she had smashed her car. 
 
At once harsh and tender, expansive and acutely funny, this is the story of an elderly and self-destructive dipsomaniac in a Western desert town, who finds herself faced with a final, impossible choice. 
 
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Leaving the Yellow House

Samuel Beckett

'They didn't seem to take much interest in my private parts which to tell the truth were nothing to write home about, I didn't take much interest in them myself.' 
 
From the master of the absurd, these two stories of an unnamed vagrant contending with decay and death combine bleakness with the blackest of humour. 
 
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The End

William S. Burroughs

'He felt a sudden deep pity for the finger joint that lay there on the dresser, a few drops of blood gathering around the white bone.' 
 
A deliberately severed finger, a junky's Christmas miracle and a Tangier con-artist, among others, feature in these hallucinogenic sketches and stories from the infamous Beat legend. 
 
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The Finger

Carson McCullers

His hand sought the adjacent flesh and sorrow paralleled desire in the immense complexity of love. 
 
These moving stories by one of the great masters of Southern gothic portray love, sorrow and our search for happiness and understanding. 
 
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The Haunted Boy

Yukio Mishima

All eyes are upon Rikio. And he likes it, mostly. His fans cheer from a roped-off section, screaming and yelling to attract his attention. They would kill for a moment alone with him. Finally the director sets up the shot, the camera begins to roll, someone yells "action"; Rikio, for a moment, transforms into another being, a hardened young yakuza, but as soon as the shot is finished, he slumps back into his own anxieties and obsessions. 
 
Written shortly after Yukio Mishima himself had acted in the film Afraid to Die, this novella is a rich and unflinching psychological portrait of a celebrity coming apart at the seams as the absurdity of his existence comes sharply into focus. With exquisite, vivid prose, Star begs the question: is there ever any escape from how we are seen by others?

Star

Franz Kafka

'If I think about it, and I have the time and inclination and capacity to do so, we dogs are an odd lot.' 
 
How does a dog see the world? How do any of us? In this playful and enigmatic story of a canine philosopher, Kafka explores the limits of knowledge. 
 
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Investigations of a Dog

Daphne Du Maurier

Dispatch the maimed, the old, the weak, destroy the very world itself, for what is the point of life if the promise of fulfilment lies elsewhere? 
 
On the windswept coast of rural Suffolk, a deranged scientist attempts to extract the essence of life itself.

The Breakthrough

Cyprian Ekwensi

'"Forget all your fears now. Have a fling this night"' 
 
Untrustworthy, charming Fussy Joe spins stories and breaks hearts in this rollicking story set in the 'sensational city' of 1960s Lagos. 
 
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Glittering City

Françoise Sagan

'The sap had dried up; the sap, the incentive, the fever, the desire to do, to act, to act the fool, make love, create' 
 
A middle-aged woman breaks with her handsome young lover; a placid husband is suspected of infidelity; and a dying man reflects on his extramarital affairs, in these tales of love and disillusionment from the author of Bonjour Tristesse. 
 
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The Gigolo

Betty Friedan

'What if she isn't happy - does she think men are happy in this world? Doesn't she know how lucky she is to be a woman?' 
 
The pioneering Betty Friedan here identifies the strange problem plaguing American housewives, and examines the malignant role advertising plays in perpetuating the myth of the 'happy housewife heroine'. 
 
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The Problem that Has No Name

Vladimir Nabokov

'The illegible signature of teetering disaster' 
 
Three great stories--The Aurelian, Signs and Symbols and Lance--the last both a derisive attack on science-fiction and an attempt to imagine the real pain and horror that would accompany space travel. 
 
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Lance

Hans Fallada

'It was what we call in the trade a potato...' 
 
Tales of low-lifes and grifters trying to make ends meet in pre-War Germany. 
 
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Why Do You Wear a Cheap Watch?

Stanislaw Lem

'What use to a being that lives beneath a sun are jewels of gas and silver stars of ice?' 
 
From a giant of twentieth-century science fiction, these four miniature space epics feature crazy inventors, surreal worlds, robot kings and madcap machines. 
 
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The Three Electroknights

Ralph Ellison

'If he only knew what it was, he would fix it; he would kill this mean thing that made Mama feel so bad.' 
 
Belonging and estrangement intertwine in these four lyrical short stories from the the author of Invisible Man. 
 
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The Black Ball

Kathy Acker

'INTENSE SEXUAL DESIRE IS THE GREATEST THING IN THE WORLD' 
 
A tale of art, sex, blood, junkies and whores in New York's underground, from cult literary icon Kathy Acker

New York City in 1979

' "Another hour gone. But I'm not afraid. There's only one thing I regret: that I've lived for so many years without knowing where human happiness is to be found" ' 
 
In these stories, four writers - all exiles from revolutionary Russia - explore four deaths in a world in which old certainties have dissolved forever. 
 
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Four Russian Short Stories

Anaïs Nin

'What did she expect of him? What was her quest? Did she have an unfulfilled desire?' 
 
Transgressive desires and sexual encounters are recounted in these four pieces from one of the greatest writers of erotic fiction. 
 
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The Veiled Woman

Yuko Tsushima

'Though their house was new, the wall had been there a long time.' 
 
In these two stories, which have never before been translated into English, Tsushima shows how memories, dreams and fleeting images describe the borders of our lives. 
 
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Of Dogs and Walls

Ryszard Kapuscinski

'Like rotting stakes in a forest clearing' 
 
The great journalist of conflict in the Third World finds an even stranger and more exotic society in his own home of post-War Poland 
 
Penguin Modern: fifty new books celebrating the pioneering spirit of the iconic Penguin Modern Classics series, with each one offering a concentrated hit of its contemporary, international flavour. Here are authors ranging from Kathy Acker to James Baldwin, Truman Capote to Stanislaw Lem and George Orwell to Shirley Jackson; essays radical and inspiring; poems moving and disturbing; stories surreal and fabulous; taking us from the deep South to modern Japan, New York's underground scene to the farthest reaches of outer space.

An Advertisement for Toothpaste

Italo Calvino

'Time is a catastrophe, perpetual and irreversible.' 
 
Science and fiction interweave delightfully in these playful Cosmicomic short stories. 
 
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The Distance of the Moon

James Baldwin

'So the club rose, the blood came down, and his bitterness and his anguish and his guilt were compounded' 
 
Drawing on Baldwin's own experiences of prejudice in an America violently divided by race, these searing essays - Dark Days, The Price of the Ticket and The White Man's Guilt - blend the intensely personal with the political to envisage a better world. 
 
Penguin Modern: fifty new books celebrating the pioneering spirit of the iconic Penguin Modern Classics series, with each one offering a concentrated hit of its contemporary, international flavour. Here are authors ranging from Kathy Acker to James Baldwin, Truman Capote to Stanislaw Lem and George Orwell to Shirley Jackson; essays radical and inspiring; poems moving and disturbing; stories surreal and fabulous; taking us from the deep South to modern Japan, New York's underground scene to the farthest reaches of outer space.

Dark Days

Wendell Berry

'Do I wish to keep up with the times? No. My wish simply is to live my life as fully as I can' 
 
The great American poet, novelist and environmental activist argues for a life lived slowly.

Why I Am Not Going to Buy a Computer

Allen Ginsberg

'Wives in the avocados, babies in the tomatoes!-and you, García Lorca, what were you doing by the watermelons?' 
 
Profane and prophetic verses about sex, death, revolution and America by the great icon of Beat poetry. 
 
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Television Was a Baby Crawling Toward That Deathchamber

Martin Luther King, Jr.

'Injustice anywhere is a threat to justice everywhere.' 
 
This landmark missive from one of the greatest activists in history calls for direct, non-violent resistance in the fight against racism, and reflects on the healing power of love. 
 
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Letter from Birmingham Jail

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